
A very early Christian manuscript is the 6th-century Rabula Gospel Book.
Produced in Syria and completed in AD 586 at the Monastery of St. John of Zagba, the texts of the four Gospels and the Acts of the Apostles are presented in Syriac.
The text is one of the earliest Christian manuscripts to be illuminated. (An illuminated text is one decorated with coloured borders and illustrations. One of the most widely known is the Book of Kells.)
Folio 14v in the Rabula Gospel Book manuscript is an illustration highlighting today’s feast of Pentecost. The illustration shows six men standing either side of a woman.
Fast forward some 1000 years.
Around 1600 Doménikos Theotokópoulos — known as El Greco — painted his Pentecost, now in the Prado in Madrid.
Again, we see a woman taking centre stage surrounded by men, and indeed there is the face of a second woman visible.
Fast forward to the present day and we find a painting with the same title as both the Rabula Gospels and that of El Greco, namely “Pentecost.”
Painted by the American artist Jen Norton in 2021, it too shows a woman surrounded by a group of twelve men.
Indeed, from the beginning of the 12th century Pentecost images increasingly put Mary, the mother of Jesus, in the centre of the image among the apostles.
There is, in fact, no Scriptural reference to the mother of Jesus having been present.
So, why include Mary? And why put this woman centre stage?
Today’s feast day is known as the birth of the Church, illustrated by those in the upper room having received the gift of the Holy Spirit, then going out to tell others: Parthians, Medes and Elamites, inhabitants of Mesopotamia, Judea and Cappadocia, of Pontus and Asia, Phrygia and Pamphylia, Egypt and the districts of Libya near Cyrene; travellers from Rome, both Jews and converts to Judaism; Cretans and Arabs.
Now, that is quite a collection. And furthermore, each heard the word in their own language, “we hear them speaking in our own tongues of the mighty acts of God.” (Acts 2:1–11)
Might it be that our Church ought to have the feminine centre stage? Might it be that our Church, born of a group of men gathered around the feminine, is being called on this birthday to gather once again around the feminine?



